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公众对人工智能科学和科学家的看法相对较为负面,但比一般和气候科学更少政治化
Dror Walter1, Yotam Ophir2, Patrick E Jamieson3
1Department of Communication, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
PNAS nexus
|June 27, 2025
概括
公众对人工智能 (AI) 科学家的看法比一般或气候科学家更为负面. 这种看法与对意外后果的担忧有关,意识形态和媒体曝光对人工智能起到的作用较小,与其他科学相比.
科学领域:
- 科学与技术研究 研究科学与技术研究
- 关于公众对科学的看法
- 人工智能伦理学 人工智能伦理学
背景情况:
- 对于社会进步和政策而言,公众对科学的信任至关重要.
- 了解公众对不同科学领域 (如人工智能) 的看法至关重要.
- 评估科学自我表现的因素 (FASS) 提供了一个评估公众观点的框架.
研究的目的:
- 将公众对人工智能科学家的看法与一般科学家和气候科学家的看法进行比较.
- 确定这些观念的驱动因素,包括意识形态和媒体曝光.
- 评估这些观念对支持联邦资金的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用美国成年人加权的2023-2025年国家概率小组.
- 通过评估科学自我介绍 (FASS) 尺度 (可信度,审慎性,公正性,自我纠正,益处) 的因素评估认知.
- 分析了政治意识形态和媒体曝光对观念和资金支持的预测能力.
主要成果:
- 人工智能科学家收到了最负面的复合感知.
- 人工智能科学家的感知受到对意外后果的担忧 (审慎因素) 的负面影响.
- 意识形态和媒体曝光对人工智能科学家的看法的预测能力不如一般或气候科学家.
结论:
- 公众对人工智能科学家的看法是不同的,更为负面的,因为人们担心不可预见的结果.
- 科学观念的传统预测因素 (意识形态,媒体) 对人工智能科学的看法的影响较弱.
- 人工智能科学的看法受到FASS和意识形态的影响,与一般和气候科学相比,对联邦资金支持的影响较小.
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