认知失调综合征在临床上与儿童和青少年时期的多动症呈现不同
G Leonard Burns1, Stephen P Becker2, Juan José Montaño3
1Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
Journal of attention disorders
|June 27, 2025
概括
只有认知失调综合征 (仅CDS) 组与儿童期的ADHD表现有明显的差异,这些区别在青春期减少. 需要进一步的研究来了解CDS和ADHD的发育变化.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 呈现出注意力不集中 (IN),多动冲动 (HI) 或组合 (C) 的表现.
- 认知失调综合征 (CDS) 是一种被提议的替代或重叠的构造.
- 了解CDS仅与ADHD呈现的差异有效性对于准确的诊断和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定只有认知失调综合征 (CDS) 组的差异有效性.
- 为了比较单独的CDS与单独的ADHD无注意表现 (IN-only),单独的ADHD-hyperactive-impulsive表现 (HI-only) 和单独的ADHD-combined表现 (C-only) 组.
- 检查儿童 (5-10岁) 和青少年 (11-16岁) 时期的这些差异.
主要方法:
- 一个全国代表性的5525名西班牙年轻人 (5-16岁) 的样本被家长评估.
- 测量包括CDS,ADHD注意力缺失 (IN) 和ADHD多动性/冲动性 (HI).
- 根据超过CDS,IN和HI前5%的得分,包括对照,仅CDS和各种ADHD表现,组建了组.
主要成果:
- 在童年时,与ADHD呈现相比,仅CDS组在焦虑,抑郁,体化,睡眠障碍,社交障碍和同龄人退出方面表现出更高的得分.
- 在青春期,只有CDS在体化和白天睡眠问题上仍然较高,但与一些ADHD组相比,他们表现出较低的反对性挑性障碍 (ODD) 和学术障碍.
- 只有CDS和ADHD组之间的抑郁症,社会障碍和同龄人退出之间的差异在青春期减少.
结论:
- 仅使用CDS的组表现出强大的差异有效性与儿童期的ADHD表现,在青春期的差异较小.
- 在CDS和ADHD之间区分的发育变化需要进一步调查.
- 建议结合多信息器纵向数据的病因模型,以更深入地了解整个发育过程中的CDS和ADHD.
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