从1992年至2016年,澳大利亚儿童的鼻数量减少了一半,阳光行为发生了变化
Gu Zhu1, Scott Gordon1, Adele C Green2
1Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
The British journal of dermatology
|June 27, 2025
概括
在澳大利亚昆士兰州,童年获得的黑色素细胞瘤 (AMN) 数量在25年内减少了一半. 这种与阳光照射减少相关的AMN的减少表明,年轻一代的人一生黑色素瘤风险显著下降.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 澳大利亚的皮肤黑色素瘤的终身风险是世界上最高的.
- 获得的黑色素细胞瘤 (AMN) 是黑色素瘤的主要风险因素,大多数是在青春期发展的.
- 儿童的紫外线 (UV) 光暴露是神经数的关键决定因素.
研究的目的:
- 在25年的时间内调查儿童AMN和相关风险因素.
- 分析高紫外线环境中的趋势 (昆士兰州东南部).
主要方法:
- 布里斯班双胞胎神经研究 (Brisbane Twin Nevus Study) 从1992年到2016年,每年跟踪太阳的行为,并计算12岁双胞胎中的神经.
- 参与者在初始评估后两年进行了重新检查,并在20年后看到一个子集.
主要成果:
- 在25年的研究期间,观察到神经瘤数量显著下降,约为50%.
- 这一趋势在小和大都是一致的,这表明它不是由于计数错误.
- 虽然非欧洲血统增加了,但它只在很小程度上解释了观察到的骨数量减少.
结论:
- 在20世纪90年代和2000年代,儿童行为的变化可能减少了昆士兰州的阳光照射.
- 观察到的骨数量下降与估计每年平均紫外线剂量下降11.7%相关.
- 预计这种平均瘤数量的下降将使2000年后出生的黑色素瘤的终身风险降低四倍,而不是20世纪80年代出生的黑色素瘤.
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