在美国的出生队伍中,健康的工作寿命预期
Félix Blain1, Michaël Boissonneault1
1Department of Demography, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
概括
对于大多数人来说,健康工作预期寿命 (HWLE) 保持稳定,但对于教育程度较低的人来说,预期寿命下降. 随着退休的风险越来越大,工人难以延长工作年限,面临着日益扩大的不平等.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
背景情况:
- 美国劳动年龄人群健康状况下降.
- 退休条件的变化及其对老年工人的影响.
- 越来越多的人对健康工作预期寿命 (HWLE) 感兴趣.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国HWLE的趋势.
- 在出生队列中按性别和教育水平分析HWLE.
- 在不断变化的退休环境中评估HWLE的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自健康和退休研究 (HRS) 的纵向数据.
- 51岁及以上的个人计算的HWLE.
- 采用连续时间的多状态建模,用于在三个出生队列 (1936-1941, 1942-1947, 1948-1953) 中进行趋势分析.
主要成果:
- 对于大多数人口来说,HWLE保持稳定.
- 在受教育程度较低的人群中观察到HWLE的显著下降.
- 由于昂贵和危险的提前退休选择,工人面临越来越多的延长工作寿命的困难.
结论:
- 调查结果强调了HWLE中日益严重的不平等现象,特别是在受教育程度较低的工人中.
- 强调需要制定政策,促进老年人更健康的工作环境.
- 强调解决HWLE差异对于未来临近退休的队伍至关重要.
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