揭示和量化水性基电池中的碳腐蚀
Ajay Ravi1, Ge Zhang1, John Holoubek1
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.
Nano letters
|June 27, 2025
概括
水性电池中的碳腐蚀显著限制了循环稳定性,导致了大量的容量和厚度损失. 这项研究量化了碳腐蚀,为改善电池寿命提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能 储能
背景情况:
- 二氧化/离子 (MnO2/Mn2+) 阴极化学为水性电池提供高能量密度和低成本.
- 有限的循环稳定性,特别是MnO2沉积/剥离的可逆性较差,阻碍了电网规模的应用.
- 一个被忽视的因素,碳电流收集器腐蚀,有助于产能减弱.
研究的目的:
- 识别和量化碳电流收集器腐蚀对MnO2/Mn2+水性电池容量损失的贡献.
- 为了研究不同pH条件对碳腐蚀速率的影响.
- 阐明电池循环期间碳降解的机制.
主要方法:
- 气相色谱 (GC) 用于量化表明碳腐蚀的气态产品.
- X射线光电子光谱 (XPS) 分析了碳集聚器上的表面化学变化.
- 扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 可视化了碳纤维的形态变化和降解.
主要成果:
- 碳腐蚀占初始产能损失的25%左右.
- 碳收集器的腐蚀引起的厚度损失可以在第一周期达到200nm.
- 在酸性和近中性pH条件下腐蚀最严重,观察到表面氧物种和纤维退化.
结论:
- 碳电流收集器腐蚀是一个关键的,以前被低估的,限制MnO2/Mn2+水性电池循环寿命的因素.
- 了解和减轻碳腐蚀对于开发稳定且实用的电网规模水性能源储存至关重要.
- 这项研究提供了定量数据,以指导未来提高水性电池耐用性的策略.
更多相关视频
11:25Identification and Quantification of Decomposition Mechanisms in Lithium-Ion Batteries; Input to Heat Flow Simulation for Modeling Thermal Runaway
Published on: March 7, 2022
4.7K
06:53Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
Published on: June 9, 2023
2.1K
相关概念视频
Corrosion
25.6K
The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
25.6K
Batteries and Fuel Cells
28.0K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
28.0K
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells
58.5K
Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
58.5K
Corrosion of Reinforcement
257
The corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is a process influenced by the material's inherent properties and external factors. The high pH level of around 13, provided by calcium hydroxide present in concrete, initially protects the steel reinforcement by promoting the formation of a passive iron oxide layer on its surface.
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
257
Balancing Redox Equations
53.9K
Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
53.9K
Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols
2.2K
Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
2.2K
