2019年至2023年,美国成年患有多种慢性疾病的费用相关不守规则的变化
Alejandro Amill-Rosario1, Julia F Slejko1, Susan dosReis1
1School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy
|June 27, 2025
概括
在患有多种慢性疾病的成年人中,与成本相关的不遵守 (CRN) 在流行后减少. 然而,患有四种或以上疾病的个人仍然容易受到CRN的影响,这突显了持续的经济挑战.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 与成本相关的不遵守 (CRN),定义为不按照处方服用药物以节省资金,不成比例地影响有多种慢性疾病的个人.
- 经济压力,以COVID-19大流行为例,加剧了CRN.
- 经济困难对这一群体中CRN的长期影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 分析多种慢性疾病的美国成年人中CRN患病率的变化.
- 为了比较大流行年 (2020) 和后流行年 (2021-2023) 的CRN率与大流行前水平 (2019).
主要方法:
- 一项使用国家健康访谈调查 (2019-2023) 的重复横截面研究.
- 样本包括27,413名美国成年人 (18-64岁),在14种慢性疾病中至少有2种正在服用药物.
- 通过自我报告的节省成本的药物行为来测量CRN;分析使用了调查加权的流行率和线性概率模型.
主要成果:
- 整体CRN患病率从2019年的18.9%下降到2023年的15.5%.
- 与2019年相比,2021年 (13.5%) 和2022年 (14.5%) 观察到CRN显著减少.
- 亚组分析显示,在2021年,只有那些患有三种慢性疾病的人,CRN显著减少.
结论:
- 与美国的流行病前水平相比,在流行病后的头两年中,CRN下降.
- 患有四种或更多慢性疾病的成年人继续面临CRN的脆弱性,这表明持续存在的经济挑战.
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