来自和人类的CYP4B1酶的功能分析揭示了催化功能适应的进化热点
Saskia Hüsken1, Annika Röder2, Johannes Ptok3
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
人类CYP4B1酶在灵长类动物进化的早期,在猿类和子分裂之前,失去了活性. 猿类和人类的遗传变化使这种关键酶失活,影响了灵长类动物的进化.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 细胞染色体P450家族4B1 (CYP450 4B1) 酶在哺乳动物中高度保存,并且能够生物激活外生生物和内生生物基质.
- 在人类CYP4B1酶的曲区域中,单个氨基酸变化 (p.P427S) 阻止了其催化活性的识别.
- 了解CYP4B1活动的进化损失对于理解灵长类动物进化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定CYP4B1酶在人类进化过程中何时失去其催化活性.
- 调查对人类和猿类中CYP4B1无活化的遗传因素.
主要方法:
- 评估了4-ipomeanol和perilla ketone在人类肝细胞中的14种灵长类动物的CYP4B1正义体的生物激活.
- 测试了来自大肠杆菌的重组CYP4B1蛋白质对4-ipomeanol和劳里克酸的活性.
- 对CYP4B1的基因组进行了氨基酸分析,以确定进化变化及其功能影响.
主要成果:
- 在猿类和子之间的进化分裂之前,CYP4B1变得具有催化活性;子CYP4B1的正义基因保留了活性.
- 还有四种额外的氨基酸替代 (p.V71G,p.R106C,p.R244H) 和大猩猩CYP4B1中的一个外基因缺失被确定为不激活遗传变化.
- 功能分析证实了这些遗传变化的负面影响,逆转恢复了酶活性.
结论:
- 在人猿和人类的进化过程中,CYP4B1的非活化独立发生了多次,突出显示了它的重要性.
- 阐明CYP4B1失活的进化触发因素将增强我们对灵长类动物进化和酶作用的理解.
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