自闭症的伪装:精神健康困难的原因还是后果?
Wikke J van der Putten1,2, Audrey Jj Mol1, Tulsi A Radhoe2
1Leo Kannerhuis, Autism Outpatient Clinic(Youz/Parnassia Group), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
概括
伪装 (隐藏自闭症特征) 并没有强烈预测自闭症成年人的心理健康恶化. 较高的初始伪装与难度略有下降相关,而较低的水平略有增加,但因果关系尚不清楚.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 伪装,自闭症特征的有意识或无意识的掩盖,假设将自闭症与心理健康挑战联系起来.
- 之前对这种关联的研究受限于横截面设计,使关系的方向性不确定.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症成年人伪装和心理健康困难之间的纵向关系.
- 为了确定伪装是否预测心理健康困难的变化.
- 评估心理健康困难是否预测伪装行为的变化.
主要方法:
- 一项纵向研究涉及332名自闭症成年人 (年龄3084岁,157名女性).
- 数据采集在两个时间点,大约2年间隔,使用荷兰伪装自闭症特征问卷,症状检查清单-90修订和自闭症谱系系数.
- 预先注册的多层次分析被用来检查预测关系.
主要成果:
- 在初始伪装和时间之间观察到一个小的,统计学上显著的负面相互作用.
- 较高的基线伪装预测随着时间的推移,心理健康困难的轻微减少.
- 较低的基线伪装预测随着时间的推移,心理健康困难的轻微增加.
- 最初的心理健康困难并没有显著预测伪装行为的变化.
结论:
- 该研究没有发现有力的证据表明,伪装直接导致自闭症成年人的心理健康困难增加.
- 这些发现表明,伪装和心理健康之间存在复杂的,可能是双向的,但较弱的关系.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究来确定因果关系,并澄清伪装和自闭症精神健康结果之间的关联的方向性.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
348
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
348
01:26Modeling in Therapy
153
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
153
01:28Social Anxiety Disorder
87
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
87
01:13Nonconscious Mimicry
4.6K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.6K
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
40.5K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
40.5K
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
310
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
310