美国成年人高血压和没有高血压的主要死亡原因:来自REGARDS研究的数据
Kathryn Foti1, Lisandro D Colantonio1, Lei Huang1
1Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, Alabama.
American journal of hypertension
|June 28, 2025
概括
患有高血压的成人经常死于非心血管疾病 (CVD) 的原因,包括癌症和感染. 这项研究量化了大型队列中的这些死亡频率.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
背景情况:
- 高血压是心血管疾病 (CVD) 的一个主要风险因素.
- 很大一部分患有高血压的成年人死于心血管疾病以外的其他原因.
- 在高血压成年人中,非心血管疾病死亡原因的确切频率尚未确立.
研究的目的:
- 确定高血压和没有高血压的成年人中各种死亡原因的频率.
- 为了比较高血压和非高血压个体之间的死亡率模式.
- 突出非心血管疾病原因对高血压整体死亡率的贡献.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自研究中风的地理和种族差异原因 (REGARDS) 的数据.
- 包括45岁以上的非西班牙裔黑人和白人成年人,在2003-2007年期间入学.
- 根据血压测量和药物使用,定义高血压,以时间变化的暴露为模型.
- 使用包括死亡证明和医疗记录在内的综合性文件,判断死亡原因.
- 追踪参与者直到死亡或2019年12月31日.
主要成果:
- 在平均8.1年的随访期间,患有高血压的参与者中有8933人死亡,没有高血压的参与者中有1709人死亡.
- 对于高血压患者来说,主要的死亡原因是心血管疾病 (31.2%),癌症 (22.1%) 和感染 (11.6%).
- 癌症 (29.8%),心血管疾病 (23.2%) 和痴呆症 (11.8%) 是非高血压参与者的最常见原因.
- 心血管疾病死亡率的10年累计发病率为高血压患者的8.2%,而非高血压患者的3.6%.
结论:
- 在患有高血压的成年人中,大多数死亡都归因于非心血管疾病的原因.
- 在高血压患者中,癌症和感染各自占非心血管疾病死亡的约三分之一.
- 这些发现强调了在高血压管理中解决更广泛的死亡风险的重要性.
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