通过风险沟通,通过风险沟通增加中国老年人患痴呆症诊断工作参与率:一个准实验
Fan Yang1, Junyao Zheng2, Shaowei Liu3
1School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China; School of Emergency Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.)
|June 28, 2025
概括
使用健康信念模型 (HBM) 和社会生态模型 (SEM) 的结构化风险沟通显著增加了老年人痴呆症诊断工作参与率. 社会生态模型比健康信念模型略有优势.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
背景情况:
- 痴呆症诊断工作对于及时管理至关重要.
- 风险较高的老年人在诊断程序中的参与率很低.
- 需要有效的风险沟通策略来提高参与度.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于健康信念模型 (HBM) 和社会生态模型 (SEM) 的风险沟通策略的有效性.
- 评估结构化沟通对老年人痴呆症诊断工作组参与的影响.
- 为了比较HBM和SEM在中国城市环境中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项三臂准实验性研究,涉及上海城市198名有风险的老年人.
- 参与者被分配到非结构化沟通,基于HBM的沟通或基于SEM的沟通小组.
- 使用后勤回归分析来确定主要结果:参与两个月内的痴呆症诊断工作.
主要成果:
- 与非结构化沟通相比,结构化沟通策略 (HBM和SEM结合) 显著增加了参与率.
- 基于HBM和SEM的沟通方法都有效地鼓励参与.
- 在SEM集团,参与率略高于HBM集团.
结论:
- 对文化敏感,多层次的沟通策略对于改善痴呆症诊断工作组的采用至关重要.
- 无论是HBM还是SEM,都为设计针对痴呆症的有效公共卫生干预提供了可行的框架.
- 需要进一步的研究来比较不同人群中的SEM和HBM.
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