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[插电式混合动力电动汽车的全生命周期评估和场景模拟]

Shuo Zhang¹, Zi-Qiang Cao¹, Chun-Mei Zhang¹

¹School of Automobile, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China.

Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue

|June 29, 2025

概括

插电式混合动力电动汽车 (PHEV) 的生命周期评估显示,运营能源使用驱动化石燃料消耗. 电池电动汽车 (BEV) 通常对环境的影响较低,特别是在各种驾驶条件下.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
汽车工程汽车工程
材料科学材料科学材料科学

背景情况:

电动汽车 (EV) 的日益普及需要了解其生命周期资源利用和环境影响.
插电式混合动力电动汽车 (PHEV) 与电池电动汽车 (BEV) 和混合动力电动汽车 (HEV) 相比,具有复杂的环境考虑的过渡技术.

研究的目的:

对插电式混合动力电动汽车 (PHEV),特别是丰田莱文PHEV,进行全面的生命周期评估 (LCA).
为了在不同的运行条件下比较PHEV与BEV和HEV的资源利用和环境影响.
分析电池退化和不同里程数对不同类型车辆环境足迹的影响.

主要方法:

生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法应用于对丰田莱文PHEV材料和化石燃料消耗的库存分析.
对PHEV与BEV和HEV进行比较分析,考虑运行因素,如驾驶条件 (城市,高速公路,侵略性),电池磨损和里程增加 (10,000至150,000公里).
评估电池容量降低效应 (至90%和85%) 和不同的使用场景 (私人与出租车).

主要成果:

金属开采 (,铜) 对物质资源消耗作出了重大贡献.
运行能源的使用是PHEVs生命周期化石燃料消耗的主要驱动因素.
电池电动汽车 (BEV) 在各种驾驶场景中表现出最低的环境和资源负担.
电动汽车对电池容量降低的敏感性更高.
与出租车使用的HEV/PHEV相比,私人使用的BEV和PHEV超过5万公里导致更高的环境/资源影响.

结论:

与PHEV和HEV相比,BEV通常在其生命周期内提供优越的环境性能和资源效率.
运行能耗和电池技术是影响电动汽车整体可持续性的关键因素.
使用模式,特别是里程和服务类型 (私人与商业),显著改变PHEV和BEV的比较环境足迹.

关键词:

环境排放排放环境排放化石能源的能源消耗量.完整的生命周期评估 (LCA)物质资源的消耗物质资源的消耗.场景模拟的场景模拟.城市道路交通城市道路交通.

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