对于具有活性奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克粒子系统的热力学不确定性关系.
Hyeong-Tark Han1, Jae Sung Lee2, Jae-Hyung Jeon1,3
1Department of Physics, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
PNAS nexus
|June 30, 2025
概括
热力学不确定性关系 (TUR) 被扩展到具有活性噪声的系统. 活动噪声会改变热力学成本,并妨碍对异常扩散的准确估计,影响生物系统.
科学领域:
- 统计力学就是统计力学.
- 非平衡的热力学.
- 活动物质物理学 活动物质物理学
背景情况:
- 热力学不确定性关系 (TUR) 建立了热力学成本和不平衡系统的波动之间的权衡.
- 在生物系统中常见的活性噪声系统中,TURs的适用性仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
- 活动噪声引入了超越传统产生的独特的能量动态.
研究的目的:
- 导出和分析具有活性奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克粒子 (AOUPs) 的系统的 TUR 的明确表达式.
- 调查活性噪声如何改变TURs内的热力学成本.
- 评估修改后的TURs在评估活跃噪声系统中异常扩散的有用性.
主要方法:
- 导出了AOUP的明确TUR表达式,其中包含了活性噪声效应.
- 修改了热力学成本,以包括活性噪声的能源消耗.
- 引入了一个合约概率密度函数来导出一个稳定状态的 TUR.
- 使用了一个新的缩放参数来优化 TUR 边界.
主要成果:
- 活动噪声改变了TUR中的热力学成本,将能源消耗添加到产量中.
- 衍生出的稳定状态 TUR 为 AOUP 系统提供了一个量身定制的框架.
- 发现活动噪声阻碍了对异常扩散范围的准确估计.
- 通过使用新的缩放参数实现了对TUR绑定的优化.
结论:
- 该研究提供了一个修改后的 TUR,适用于带有活性噪声的系统.
- 活动噪声使热力学成本和基于波动的估计的解释变得复杂.
- 这项工作提供了一种系统的方法来理解活跃环境中运行的生物系统中的波动动态.
更多相关视频
11:51Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
Published on: February 22, 2018
8.8K
10:29Experimental Methodology for Estimation of Local Heat Fluxes and Burning Rates in Steady Laminar Boundary Layer Diffusion Flames
Published on: June 1, 2016
12.0K
相关概念视频
The Uncertainty Principle
25.0K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
25.0K
Thermodynamics: Activity Coefficient
2.0K
Activity is the measure of the effective concentration of the species in solution. It can be expressed as the product of the molar concentration of the species and its activity coefficient. The activity coefficient is a dimensionless quantity and depends on the total ionic strength of the solution.
The activity coefficient is a measure of the deviation from ideal behavior. When the ionic strength of the solution is minimal, the activity coefficient of an ionic species is close to unity, making...
The activity coefficient is a measure of the deviation from ideal behavior. When the ionic strength of the solution is minimal, the activity coefficient of an ionic species is close to unity, making...
2.0K
Second Law of Thermodynamics
24.4K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic...
24.4K
Path Between Thermodynamics States
3.4K
Consider the two thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas that are represented by paths AC and ABC in Figure 1:
3.4K
Entropy
31.4K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
31.4K
Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle
1.5K
When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
1.5K
