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在加纳收集和运输黄热病标本的及时性,2018-2022年

Seth D Judson¹, Lee Schroeder², Franklin Asiedu-Bekoe³

¹Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

|June 30, 2025

概括

在加纳,及时诊断黄热病至关重要. 虽然样本采集通常是迅速的,但样本到达国家公共卫生和参考实验室的延迟阻碍了早期疫情检测.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生
传染性疾病传染性疾病

背景情况:

黄热病是一种蚊子传播的病毒性出血热,在非洲引起疫情.
黄热病的延迟诊断会增加发病率和死亡率.
了解诊断延迟是改善及时检测的关键.

研究的目的:

分析加纳 (2018-2022) 疑似黄热病例的诊断测试时间表.
确定导致诊断延迟的因素.
将诊断时间表与世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的指标进行比较.

主要方法:

对加纳疑似黄热病例的诊断测试时间表的分析.
从症状发作到样本采集和实验室到达的天数的计算.
观察到的时间表与世卫组织推的指标的比较.

主要成果:

从症状出现到样本到达的中位时间为10天 (IQR 6-17).
93%的样本是在症状出现后的14天内采集的.
只有41%的样本在收集后3天内到达实验室,这表明样本运输的延误很常见.

结论:

加纳黄热病检测时间表因地区而异.
虽然标本采集通常是及时的,但在标本运输过程中会出现显著的延误.
改善样本运输和可能扩大测试能力可以提高黄热病爆发的早期检测.

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