使用机器学习来识别在以人口为基础的水,卫生,洗手和营养干预中预期收益最高的子组
Caitlin Hemlock1,2, Laura H Kwong3, Lia C H Fernald4
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|June 30, 2025
概括
贫困,偏远家庭的儿童从卫生干预中受益最多,表明有针对性的方法可以改善儿童的发展. 其他水,卫生和卫生 (WaSH) 干预措施对所有儿童都有同等的好处.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 了解水,卫生和卫生 (WaSH) 干预措施的差异性影响对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 机器学习可以确定从健康干预中受益最多的人口子组.
- 之前的研究强调了环境对WASH干预有效性的重要性.
研究的目的:
- 通过机器学习识别那些从WaSH和营养干预中受益最多的儿童.
- 分析WaSH干预对儿童健康和发育结果治疗效应的异质性.
- 为了最大限度地影响WASH计划的有针对性的实施,提供信息.
主要方法:
- 用因果森林来分析异构的治疗效应.
- 使用了孟加拉国试验 (2013-2015) 中孕妇和儿童的基线特征.
- 评估了治疗对年龄相对长度Z-score,腹患病率和儿童发育 (EASQ Z-score) 的影响.
主要成果:
- 卫生干预措施对儿童发育产生了异质的影响 (EASQ Z-score).
- 在受益最多的组 (Tercile 3) 的儿童在EASQ Z-score中获得了0.51 SD,与受益最少的组 (Tercile 1) 不同.
- 偏远地区的贫困家庭,动物便污染较高,从卫生设施中获得最大的好处.
结论:
- 针对腹和生长的有效的WaSH干预 (LAZ评分) 对所有儿童都有益,无论他们的背景如何.
- 卫生干预措施显著改善了贫困家庭儿童的发展.
- 在偏远,高污染地区的有针对性的卫生战略可以最大限度地提高儿童发展的好处.
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