可穿戴-Echo-FM:用于单线心电图的ECG回声基础模型
Elizabeth Knight1, Evangelos K Oikonomou1, Arya Aminorroaya1
1Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
可穿戴的Echo-FM使用人工智能从ECG检测结构性心脏病,通过将心电图 (ECG) 与心声回声报告联系起来. 这种方法显著减少了对可穿戴设备标记数据的需求.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗器械 医疗器械
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 模型在通过心电图 (ECG) 来检测结构性心脏病 (SHD) 方面表现有前途.
- 人工智能用于SHD检测的广泛采用受到来自可穿戴设备的单导电心电图诊断标签的有限可用性的阻碍.
- 基础模型为编码各种数据类型提供了潜在的解决方案,包括ECG和临床文本.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估Wearable-Echo-FM,这是一个基础模型,旨在将单线心电图与心声回声文本报告中的信息编码为单线心电图.
- 评估模型在检测左心室缩功能障碍 (LVSD),腹功能障碍和复合性SHD方面的表现.
- 确定对心声回声文本进行对比预训练是否可以减少可穿戴心电图设备上SHD查的数据标签要求.
主要方法:
- 从77,378名成年人 (2015-2019) 中利用274,057个单导电图-心电图对进行卷积神经网络 (CNN) 和RoBERTa编码器的对比预训练.
- 在越来越大的心电图数据集 (250到250,260个心电图) 上微调了心电图编码器,以检测特定的心脏疾病.
- 对比了微调的Wearable-Echo-FM模型与一个随机初始化的CNN在一个独立的测试集的性能.
主要成果:
- 凭借完整的训练数据集,可穿戴的回声FM在所有指标上实现了与基线CNN相提并论的性能 (LVSD的AUROC:0.894vs0.884;扩张功能障碍:0.849vs0.843;复合SHD:0.887vs0.869).
- 仅使用0.5%的训练数据 (约1000个心电图),可穿戴回声FM显著超过了基线CNN (LVSD的AUROC:0.855vs0.548;腹功能障碍:0.819vs0.582;复合SHD:0.863vs0.496).
- 使用回声心脏图文对单线心电图进行对比的预训练有效地减少了对广泛标记数据的需求.
结论:
- 用心声图文对单线心电图进行对比预训练是一种可行的策略,用于开发有效的SHD查AI模型.
- 可穿戴的Echo-FM展示了显著降低数据注释成本并加速在可穿戴和便携设备上部署人工智能驱动的心脏诊断的潜力.
- 这种方法有望提高结构性心脏病早期检测的可访问性和可扩展性.
更多相关视频
18:11A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
Published on: December 28, 2012
10:03Conformable Wearable Electrodes: From Fabrication to Electrophysiological Assessment
Published on: July 22, 2022
相关概念视频
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
Electrocardiogram
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring
Pulse rhythm
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac...
Instrumentation Amplifier
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
