灵活的乳酸在星球细胞和神经元之间穿的潜水诱导缺氧减轻潜水诱导缺氧的潜水诱导潜水诱导的潜水诱导的潜水诱导的潜水诱导的潜水诱导的潜水诱导的潜水诱导的潜水诱导
Chiara Ciccone1, Sari Elena Dötterer1, Sigrid Vold Jensen1
1Arctic Chronobiology and Physiology Research Group, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Frontiers in neuroanatomy
|June 30, 2025
概括
海的大脑通过独特的适应性容忍低氧 (低氧). 研究表明,海神经元可能使用无氧代谢,将乳酸输出到星球细胞,支持潜水期间逆星球细胞-神经元乳酸穿假说.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 比较生理学比较生理学
- 细胞的新陈代谢
背景情况:
- 大多数哺乳动物都经历了缺氧对大脑的有害影响.
- 海具有显著的适应性,可以在潜水期间存活严重的缺氧.
- 无氧新陈代谢在缺氧期间海大脑功能中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究海神经元是否在潜水时利用无氧代谢.
- 在海中测试"反向天体细胞-神经元乳酸穿" (rANLS) 假设.
- 为了比较海和小鼠新皮质神经元和星球细胞的代谢特征.
主要方法:
- 新皮层神经元和星球细胞的组织学和功能性比较.
- 作为研究模型,利用深度潜水头盔海 (Cystophora cristata) 和老鼠 (Mus musculus).
- 分析了线粒体密度,线粒体大小,单碳酸载体4 (MCT4) 表达,线粒体氧气消耗和转录学.
主要成果:
- 海星体细胞表现出比海神经元更高的线粒体密度和更大的线粒体.
- 与小鼠神经元相比,海神经元显示出明显更高的MCT4表达.
- 海天体细胞具有至少与海神经元相等的有氧能力,转录组数据表明,增强的电子传输系统适应了低氧耐受性.
结论:
- 海星细胞和神经元的代谢特征与ranls假设一致.
- 这些发现支持这样一个观点,即海神经元可能会将乳酸输出到星球细胞,从而减轻乳酸负担和在重新氧化过程中产生反应性氧物种.
- 海的适应性有助于它们的异常低氧耐受性.
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