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在可切除的非小细胞肺癌中经手术期免疫治疗的临床结果

Aakash Desai¹, Karen Schwed^2,3, Laurynas Kalesinskas²

¹Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.

JAMA network open

|June 30, 2025

概括

在外科手术期间的化疗免疫疗法在可切除非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 中显示出有利的远程无转移生存率 (DMFS). 需要进一步的研究,以克服其在NSCLC治疗中更广泛采用的障碍.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
临床研究临床研究
免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.

背景情况:

非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 是癌症死亡的主要原因.
早期NSCLC占新诊断的很大一部分.
有限的临床数据存在于术后化学免疫治疗的使用和结果.

研究的目的:

评估可切除NSCLC中新辅助和辅助化疗免疫治疗的临床实践模式.
评估与可切除NSCLC的新辅助和辅助化疗免疫治疗相关的结果.
确定影响采用化学免疫疗法在NSCLC治疗中的因素.

主要方法:

一项回顾性队列研究,使用来自Flatiron Health数据库的非识别电子健康记录数据.
包括在2020年1月1日至2023年10月31日期间诊断的II至IIIA期NSCLC的成年人,他们接受了手术切除.
分析了新辅助化学免疫疗法 (尼沃卢马布或布罗利祖马布与化疗) 和辅助化学免疫疗法 (阿特佐利祖马布或布罗利祖马布与或没有化疗).

主要成果:

分析了1334名患有可切除II-IIIA期NSCLC的患者.
18个月的临床远程转移无生存率 (DMFS) 为新辅助剂的80.2%,辅助化学免疫治疗的83.0%.
辅助治疗队列中生物标志物检测率较高;化疗免疫治疗使用量增加,但仍低于合格患者的30%.

结论:

化疗免疫疗法与可切除NSCLC患者的DMFS良好结果有关.
调查结果强调需要解决阻碍更广泛采用化疗免疫疗法的障碍.
对优化NSCLC化学免疫治疗策略的进一步研究是有必要的.

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Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.