在日本灾难期间改善对残疾学龄前儿童的照顾
Koji Yamawaki1, Aya Goto2,3, Kimiko Ueda4
1Department of Childhood Education, Koriyama Women's College, Kōriyama, Japan.
Health systems and reform
|June 30, 2025
概括
日本的幼儿园教师需要接受灾难准备培训,以支持残疾儿童在包容性儿童保育机构工作. 目前的培训不足以解决弱势幼儿的灾害管理问题.
科学领域:
- 特殊教育 特殊教育
- 应急准备 应急准备 应急准备
- 幼儿教育 儿童早期教育
背景情况:
- 日本的特殊教育体系历来把残疾儿童隔开.
- 联合国残疾人权利委员会指出,在日本实施包容性教育进展缓慢.
- 迫切需要为残疾人提供更好的灾难护理.
研究的目的:
- 探索日本幼儿园教师需要专门的灾害准备培训的需求.
- 评估儿童护理教师培训机构关于残疾儿童灾害管理的现有课程.
- 突出包括儿童保育在灾难准备中的差距.
主要方法:
- 审查日本儿童保育教师培训机构 (36所国家/公立学校) 的课程.
- 分析课程内容,重点关注灾害管理和残疾儿童的安全.
- 检查了截至2023年4月的666所指定儿童保育教师培训机构的数据.
主要成果:
- 只有2.8%的审查机构在其课程中包括"灾难和儿童保育".
- 只有8.3%的机构在其课程中包括"残疾儿童安全".
- 在日本,幼儿园教师的防灾培训存在重大差距.
结论:
- 专业的灾难准备培训对于学前教育教师在灾难期间照顾残疾儿童至关重要.
- 日本目前的教师培训计划缺乏对包容性儿童保育灾害管理的充分关注.
- 迫切需要改革课程,以确保在紧急情况下残疾幼儿的安全.
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