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Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
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Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies

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在子宫内接触电子烟载体会改变面形态

Ethan Richlak1,2, Logan Shope3, Ethan Leonard3

  • 1Nationwide Children's Hospital Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.

PloS one
|June 30, 2025
PubMed
概括

一种30/70甘醇/植物甘油 (PG/VG) 电子尼古丁输送系统 (ENDS) 配方显著减少了小鼠的面生长. 这表明,即使是无尼古丁的ENDS也可能带来风险,特别是在孕妇群体中.

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Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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