预测中国的区域碳价格,采用基于二次分解和综合特征选的混合模型
1School of Finance, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, China.
PloS one
|June 30, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的混合模型,用于准确预测碳价格,显著优于传统方法. 该模型通过提高预测准确性和稳定性来增强碳市场决策.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学和环境政策
- 计算金融是指计算金融.
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
背景情况:
- 准确的碳价格预测对于减缓气候变化和实现碳中和目标至关重要.
- 碳价格的固有复杂性和非线性动态对传统预测模型构成重大挑战.
- 现有的预测方法往往在准确性和稳定性方面扎,阻碍了有效的碳市场参与.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证混合模型,以提高碳价格预测的准确性和稳定性.
- 整合先进的信号处理,特征选择和深度学习技术,以实现更高水平的预测.
- 为碳市场参与者和决策者提供一个强大的分析框架.
主要方法:
- 一种混合模型,将改进的全套实证模式分解与自适应噪声 (ICEEMDAN) 和变化模式分解 (VMD) 结合起来,用于信号分解和消除噪声.
- 综合性特征选使用Boruta和最小绝对收缩和选择操作员 (Lasso) 回归来确定重要的外部因素.
- 一个Optuna优化的注意力-LSTM (长短期记忆) 网络,用于准确的碳价格预测,并结合了超参数优化.
主要成果:
- 拟议的混合模型显示了显著的改进,与传统模型相比,平均减少了67.30% (MSE),47.68% (RMSE),48.42% (MAE) 和48.79% (MAPE).
- 沙普利增量解释 (SHAP) 分析揭示了不同市场碳价格的不同驱动因素:广东 (宏观经济/环境),湖北 (能源市场) 和上海 (全球动态/贸易).
- 该模型的卓越准确性和稳定性在中国碳市场 (广东,湖北,上海) 得到了验证.
结论:
- 开发的分解总体预测框架对于碳价格预测非常有效.
- 混合模型为碳市场的决策提供了科学合理的基础.
- 了解特定市场驱动因素对于有效的碳价格管理和政策实施至关重要.
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