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基因组分析表明,挪威 lemming 的最近的物种化和冰期后的隔离

Edana Lord^1,2,3, Isabelle S Feinauer^1,2,3, André E R Soares⁴

¹Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm 10691, Sweden.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|June 30, 2025

概括

挪威 lemming 从西伯利亚 lemmings 刚刚在最后的冰川最大之前分离,使其成为一个年轻的物种. 基因组分析没有发现基因流动,这表明后冰期的隔离和适应外套颜色和脂肪运输.

科学领域:

进化生物学是进化的生物学.
基因组学就是基因组学.
哺乳动物学哺乳动物学

背景情况:

关于挪威 lemming (Lemmus lemmus) 的进化历史和遗传学位置进行了辩论.
挪威和西伯利亚 (Lemmus sibiricus) 之间的潜在基因流动在很大程度上仍未被探索.
挪威 lemming 的明显的表型和行为特征需要进一步调查.

研究的目的:

为了澄清挪威 lemming 的进化起源和家族遗传关系.
为了研究挪威和西伯利亚 lemmings 之间的古代或当代基因流动.
为了确定独特的挪威 lemming 适应的基因组基础.

主要方法:

挪威 lemming 的新基因组组装.
现代和古代Lemmus物种的全基因组重新排序.
用线粒体和核DNA进行的遗传学分析.
比较基因组学以确定特定物种的遗传差异.

主要成果:

所有的Lemmus物种都形成了独特的单体细胞群,具有一致的线粒体和核细胞系.
西伯利亚 lemming包括两个不同的类;西部类是挪威 lemming 的姐妹分类.
挪威和西西伯利亚的 lemmings 刚刚在最后的冰川最大之前分离,这表明挪威的 lemming 是一个最近进化的物种.
在挪威和西伯利亚的 lemmings 之间没有发现基因流动的证据,支持后冰期的隔离.
在与外套颜色和脂肪运输相关的基因中,确定了特定物种的基因组差异.

结论:

挪威 lemming 是一个年轻的物种,从西伯利亚 lemmings 在最后的冰川最大之前分离.
冰期后的隔离可能塑造了挪威的独特遗传构成.
毛发颜色和脂肪代谢基因的基因组变异与挪威 lemming 的独特特征和过冬策略相关.

关键词:

最后一个冰川最大.进化进化演化演化演化演化基因流是指基因的流动.基因组是基因组的组成部分.

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