概括
尽管黑人护士和患者经常在同一家医院,黑人护士在黑人患者获得最多护理的地方代表性不足. 多元化护理劳动力至关重要,特别是在黑人服务医院.
科学领域:
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 护理工作人员的多样性护理工作人员的多样性
- 医疗保健中的结构能力.
背景情况:
- 一个结构性有能力的医疗保健工作人员认识到社会,经济和政治因素如何影响健康.
- 健康的社会决定因素和外部因素有助于健康不平等.
- 有证据表明,少数族裔患者从多元化的医疗保健工作人员提供的护理中受益.
研究的目的:
- 在医院一级评估患者护士的种族一致性.
- 分析一个大型的,地理上具有代表性的医院样本中的种族组成.
主要方法:
- 使用2015年护理调查和2019年医疗保险患者数据进行的横截面描述性研究.
- 种族一致性是通过从患者百分比减去医院护士百分比来计算的.
- 根据黑人患者代表的比例 (25/50/25),医院被归类为为黑人服务的医院 (BSH).
主要成果:
- 在574家医院中,黑人护士的代表性明显低于黑人患者.
- 较高的黑人患者人数与更多的黑人护士有关,但也有更大的不一致性.
- 在低,中,高BSH类别中,黑人护士的代表性差异很大,在高BSH类别中差异最大.
结论:
- 在主要接受黑人患者护理的医院里,几乎没有黑人护士.
- 医疗机构和政策制定者迫切需要提高结构能力并使护理人员多样化.
- 需要进一步研究种族一致性和劳动力代表性对健康差异的影响.
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