大麻素暴露对出生结果的风险:系统性审查
A Matthew Reck1,2, Taylor Reilly1, S Olivia Vanegas1,2
1School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.
Cannabis and cannabinoid research
|July 1, 2025
概括
产前大麻暴露与人类和动物的出生体重降低有关. 虽然它并不总是影响妊娠年龄或 litter 尺寸,但它可能与出生时婴儿健康状况较差有关,需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 围产儿医学 围产儿医学
- 发育毒理学 发展毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 大麻产品的可用性和消费者对安全性的看法正在增加.
- 与酒精和烟草不同,在怀孕期间使用大麻的影响尚未得到充分证实.
- 越来越多的证据表明,大麻暴露可能对健康产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查人类和动物在产前大麻和delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) 暴露对出生结果的影响的文献.
- 为了确定研究中关于胎儿和婴儿健康的研究模式,在母亲使用大麻后.
- 评估子宫内大麻暴露与出生不良结果之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在遵守PRISMA指南的基础上进行系统审查.
- 在PubMed,Scopus和CINAHL搜索了关于产前大麻/THC暴露和出生结果的人类和动物研究.
- 分析了21项动物和36项人类研究,重点关注出生体重,妊娠年龄, litter 尺寸,死亡率和婴儿健康.
主要成果:
- 产前大麻暴露与两种物种的出生体重较低有显著的关联.
- 没有发现与人类或动物的妊娠年龄有显著的关联.
- 人类研究表明,在产前接触大麻后,婴儿在分娩时健康状况恶化的趋势存在,尽管结果各不相同.
结论:
- 在子宫内接触大麻可能与不良出生结果有关,但发现是混合的,并取决于物种.
- 方法的变化和有限的研究导致了不一致.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以了解增加大麻使用对胎儿和婴儿健康的影响.
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