使用生物或小分子的自身免疫性疾病患者的COVID-19风险:基于人口的队列研究
Eun Mi Song1, Hyung-Mi An2,3, Seong-Eun Kim1
1Departments of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
The Journal of infectious diseases
|July 1, 2025
概括
生物或小分子系统性自身免疫性疾病患者面临更高的COVID-19风险,特别是在亚最佳疫苗接种的情况下. 最佳的疫苗接种减轻了这种增加的风险,强调了它对免疫功能低下个体的重要性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 生物制剂和小分子对系统性自身免疫性疾病患者的COVID-19风险的影响还不清楚.
- 了解这种风险对于在疫情期间管理这些脆弱患者群体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估生物制剂/小分子使用与系统性自身免疫性疾病患者的COVID-19风险之间的关联.
- 评估疫苗接种状态对这一患者群体COVID-19风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 韩国的一项基于人口的队列研究,涉及46,639名用生物药物或小分子治疗的患者.
- 倾向性得分匹配 (1:2比) 用于比较生物组与86,980个对照组 (非生物组).
- 匹配标准包括年龄,性别,自身免疫性疾病类型,并发症指数,并发药物和疫苗接种前剂量.
主要成果:
- 接受生物药物或小分子治疗的患者患COVID-19的风险显著增加 (aOR,1.20).
- 低于最佳的COVID-19疫苗接种与生物组的COVID-19风险增加有关 (aOR,1.20).
- 最佳的疫苗接种 (3-4剂) 消除了群体之间的COVID-19风险显著差异 (aOR,1.22).
- 特定的治疗方法,如抗TNF药物,托法西提尼布和阿巴塔塞普特,与COVID-19风险增加有关.
结论:
- 使用生物药物或小分子的系统性自身免疫性疾病患者的COVID-19风险较高.
- 最佳的COVID-19疫苗接种显著减轻了与这些治疗相关的风险增加.
- 这些发现强调了针对免疫功能低下患者的综合疫苗接种策略的重要性.
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