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相关概念视频

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

449
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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Information Processing Approach01:30

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Chunking01:12

Chunking

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Chunking is a powerful cognitive technique that improves short-term memory retention by organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. The brain, limited by working memory capacity, can more easily process and store information when it is divided into "chunks" rather than presented as discrete, unrelated elements. Chunking is especially useful when dealing with large amounts of information, such as numerical sequences, words, or complex ideas.
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Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 17, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
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语音工作记忆和语言处理速度在推断阅读理解中的推理阅读理解.

Daniela Balonyi Candal1, Clara Regina Brandão de Avila2

  • 1Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. candal@unifesp.br.

Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS
|July 1, 2025
PubMed
概括

语音工作记忆和语言处理速度都预测了五年级学生的阅读理解. 语义语言流性特别介绍了工作记忆如何影响阅读理解.

关键词:
小学小学是一所小学.心理过程是心理过程.处理速度 处理速度.阅读理解 阅读理解工作记忆 工作记忆

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相关实验视频

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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 教育心理学教育心理学

背景情况:

  • 语音工作记忆是儿童阅读理解的关键预测因素.
  • 处理速度及其与工作记忆的相互作用在阅读理解中的作用需要进一步研究.

研究的目的:

  • 调查声学工作记忆是否预测推理阅读理解,通过语言处理速度进行调解.
  • 检查工作记忆和处理速度对阅读理解的独立和联合预测能力.

主要方法:

  • 分析了66名典型的五年级学生的数据.
  • 语音记忆的评估 (数字跨度向后和向前任务).
  • 语言处理速度的测量 (口语流和快速自动命名).
  • 推理阅读理解的评估.

主要成果:

  • 语音工作记忆和认知语言处理速度都显著预测了推理阅读理解.
  • 调解分析表明,快速自动命名和工作记忆独立地预测了阅读理解.
  • 工作记忆 (数字跨度向前和向后) 和快速自动化命名一起预测了推理阅读理解.

结论:

  • 语言处理速度,特别是语义语言流性,介绍了声学工作记忆和推断阅读理解之间的关系.
  • 这些发现突显了小学学生的记忆,处理速度和阅读理解的相互联系.