一个实用的方法来评估畜牧场的弹性属性
A Prat-Benhamou1, M P M Meuwissen2, T Slijper3
1Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Av. Montañana, 930, Zaragoza 50059, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), C. Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
概括
本研究介绍了一种评估农场弹性属性的实用方法,揭示了西班牙畜牧系统的具体优缺点. 这些发现有助于确定需要改进的领域,以提高农场的整体弹性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态系统的弹性 生态系统的弹性
- 社会经济系统分析 社会经济系统分析
背景情况:
- 农场弹性评估往往侧重于危机结果,忽视了构建弹性的基础系统特征 (属性).
- 目前缺乏评估这些弹性属性的实用方法,这阻碍了不同农业系统之间的比较分析.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种实用的方法来评估和比较不同农业系统的畜牧场的弹性属性.
- 在案例研究中确定农场弹性属性的特定优点和弱点.
主要方法:
- 文献审查确定了21个弹性属性,并运用到85个可量化的指标中.
- 农民调查 (n=144) 衡量指标;利益相关者研讨会 (n=20) 权重属性重要性.
- 弹性属性得分和权重被聚合起来,以计算整体农场弹性得分 (0-100).
主要成果:
- 案例研究 (西班牙的肉羊,乳羊,乳山羊农场) 揭示了不同的弹性概况.
- 优势包括"荣誉遗产" (肉类绵羊),"部门组织" (奶制绵羊) 和"基础设施" (奶制山羊).
- 缺点各不相同,其中"工作和生活质量" (肉类绵羊),"生产替代品的冗余性" (乳制绵羊) 和"料自主性" (乳制山羊) 是值得注意的.
结论:
- 开发的方法提供了一种可量化的方法来评估和比较农场弹性属性.
- 调查结果突出了需要改进的具体领域,以提高农场的弹性,这对农民,技术人员和政策制定者至关重要.
- 人力资本被确定为所有研究系统中始终重要的弹性属性.
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