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在匈牙利参加幼儿园的幼儿中携带肺炎球菌,PCV后12-13年13:一个截面研究
Andrea Horváth1, Annamária Huber1, Árpád Bartha1
1Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest, 1089, Hungary.
Scientific reports
|July 1, 2025
概括
在匈牙利的儿童中,肺炎链球菌的携带率正在下降. 非疫苗类型正在增加,并且与抗生素耐药性有关,这表明需要更广泛的疫苗接种策略.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 在儿童中,鼻肺炎菌的携带对疾病传播至关重要.
- 监测殖民是了解流行病学的必要条件.
- 在匈牙利,PCV-15已经取代了PCV-13,需要更新监测.
研究的目的:
- 在PCV-13引入后12-13岁的匈牙利儿童中调查Streptococcus pneumoniae殖民流行病学.
- 评估PCV-13后的血清型流行率和抗生素敏感性.
- 评估PCV-13,PCV-15和PCV-20对当前血清型的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 在2022年4月至2023年4月期间,对参加匈牙利北部 (包括布达佩斯) 日托中心的401名儿童进行查.
- 收集用于隔离Streptococcus pneumoniae的鼻子拭子.
- 确定分离物的血清型和抗生素敏感性.
主要成果:
- 总体运输率为16.5%,低于之前的匈牙利数据.
- 普遍存在的血清型包括23B,35F,15A/F,15B/C,11A和23A.
- 非疫苗类型 (NVTs) 占68.2%. 据估计,PCV-13,PCV-15和PCV-20的覆盖率分别为9.1%,10.6%和31.8%.
- 青素不敏感率为24.2%,对红红素 (12.1%),克林达胺素 (7.6%) 和四环素 (10.6%) 的耐药性高.
- 血清型23B,15A/F和35F是对耐药性的主要贡献者.
结论:
- NVTs 的患病率正在增加,并且与更高的抗生素耐药性率有关.
- 在疫苗类型中,PCV-20所覆盖的血清型是最常见的.
- 用PCV-20接种疫苗可能提供对当前流通的菌株的最高保护覆盖.
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