发现了新的非逆转录病毒内源性病毒元素,揭示了它们在蜘蛛中长期整合的历史
Hengrui Hu1, Just M Vlak2, Zhihong Hu3
1State Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China.
Nature communications
|July 2, 2025
概括
研究人员在蜘蛛基因组中发现了新的非逆转录病毒内源性病毒元素 (nrEVEs). 这些来自古老病毒的nREVEs似乎功能活跃,并为节肢动物提供了新的进化见解.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 内源性病毒元素 (EVE) 是宿主基因组中集成的病毒序列.
- 研究历来专注于逆转录病毒EVE,而非逆转录病毒EVE (nrEVEs) 最近得到了关注.
- 了解nREVEs对于理解病毒宿主共同进化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在蜘蛛基因组中识别以前未被识别的nrEVEs.
- 调查这些蜘蛛的潜在功能活动和进化起源.
- 为了阐明蜘蛛和古代节肢动物病毒之间的进化关系.
主要方法:
- 结合蛋白质结构预测与序列分析用于nrEVE识别.
- 检测到与nrEVE相关的RNAs (mRNAs,siRNAs,piRNAs) 来推断功能活动.
- 进行实验验证和进化分析以追踪起源.
主要成果:
- 在各种蜘蛛基因组中确定了一大批新型nrEVE.
- 证实了这些nrEVE在单个蜘蛛中的存在和转录.
- 追溯了蜘蛛nrEVEs的起源到未识别的核关节动物大DNA病毒 (Lefavirales,Naldaviricetes).
- 在蜘蛛进化过程中,有多个古老和近期融合事件的证据.
结论:
- 蜘蛛基因组含有大量以前未知的nrEVEs.
- 这些nrEVEs很可能是功能活跃的,并且塑造了蜘蛛的进化.
- 这些发现揭示了一个新的病毒系,并扩大了我们对关节动物中EVE的理解.
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