在炎热的环境中竞争的山地自行车骑手的水分评估和身体表现
Rayane Carvalho de Moura1,2, Crislane de Moura Costa3,4, Cirley Pinheiro Ferreira3
1Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Nucleus of Study in Physiology Applied to Performance and Health (NEFADS), Federal University of Piaui, Rua Poeta Mário Bento, Residencial Lara, 3025, Teresina, 64046440, Piauí, Brazil. rayane_cm@hotmail.com.
山地自行车骑行者在炎热天气的比赛中经历了显著的脱水,影响了身体表现,特别是在大师运动员中. 脱水与力量和耐力有负相关性,强调了水分状态在运动表现中的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 补水对于运动表现至关重要,特别是在耐力运动中,如山地自行车.
- 炎热的环境加剧了运动员流体流失和脱水的风险.
- 了解在竞争环境中水分状态和身体表现之间的相互作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估山地自行车骑行者在炎热环境中的比赛期间的水分状态.
- 评估水分状态对这些运动员体能指标的影响.
- 为了确定脱水,身体组成和不同年龄组的表现之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及66名男子山地自行车骑行者在巴西皮里皮里 (Piripiri,Piauí) 的比赛中进行的横截面研究.
- 测量包括比赛前和比赛后的体重,血液分析 (,,性) 和身体组成的生物阻抗分析.
- 通过水平跳跃和手握强度测试来评估身体表现;比赛时间被记录下来.
主要成果:
- 骑自行车的人表现出显著的体重损失和脱水,脱水在比赛期间加剧.
- 主体运动员 (35-59岁) 显示下肢力量减少,脱水和水平跳跃表现之间存在负相关性.
- 脱水与主体运动员双手握力有负相关性,而骨肌肉质量与各个年龄组的握力有正相关性.
结论:
- 在炎热的条件下,山地自行车骑行者开始脱水比赛,而这种脱水在比赛期间变得更糟.
- 脱水严重损害了主骑自行车运动员的身体表现,特别是下肢的强度和上肢的握力.
- 保持足够的水分和更高的骨肌肉质量是优化在竞争性山地自行车中的耐力表现和力量的关键.
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