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Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

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The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
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Instinctive drift refers to the tendency of animals to revert to their innate behaviors despite repeated reinforcement. Breland and Breland demonstrated this concept in an experiment with a raccoon. The raccoon was trained to pick up two coins and place them in a container in exchange for food. Initially, the raccoon learned to associate the coins with food, making them a conditioned stimulus or a substitute for food. However, over time, the raccoon became less willing to put the coins into the...
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在人类与机器人的互动中,不合理的群体依旧存在.

Luca Verginer1, Giacomo Vaccario2,3, Piero Ronzani4

  • 1Chair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. lverginer@ethz.ch.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

人类经常表现出群体行为,即使他们意识到与自动化实体 (机器人) 互动. 这项研究发现,对机器人的认识并没有显著改变人类在战略游戏中的决策.

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科学领域:

  • 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
  • 人与计算机的交互
  • 社会心理学 社会心理学

背景情况:

  • 了解人类的牧羊行为在战略互动中至关重要.
  • 区分非理性的牧羊和理性的私利仍然是一个挑战.
  • 自动化实体 (机器人) 在人类互动中日益普及,需要研究它们对决策的影响.

研究的目的:

  • 在战略环境中研究人类的牧羊行为,包括与机器人的互动.
  • 检查与机器人互动的意识如何影响人类的行为和信仰.
  • 在受控环境中区分非理性的群体和理性的私利.

主要方法:

  • 与1997名参与者进行了在线少数群体游戏.
  • 参与者被分为两组:知情和不知情的玩对机器人.
  • 为采用少数派战略而奖励参与者.

主要成果:

  • 被告知的参与者调整了他们对机器人行为的信念,而不是他们的决定.
  • 在这两种情况下,很大一部分 (30%) 的参与者表现出群体行为 (跟随大多数).
  • 尽管意识到与自动化实体互动,但群体行为仍然存在.

结论:

  • 人类的群体行为很强大,即使个人意识到机器人,也会持续下去.
  • 意识到自动化实体并不能消除战略决策中的非理性群体.
  • 这些发现对理解与机器人交互的数字平台上的人类行为有影响.