在整个生命周期中,在噪音中识别语音,认知和听觉敏感性作为年龄影响的调解者
Yossi Bugannim1, Ilan Roziner1, Liat Kishon-Rabin2
1The Department of Communication Disorders, Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
噪音中的语音感知随着年龄的增长而下降,在30年代末达到顶峰. 听觉敏感度和认知能力显著影响整个寿命的这种下降,即使听力正常.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 语音感知研究 语音感知研究
背景情况:
- 在噪音中的语音感知依赖于感官和认知功能.
- 与年龄相关的语音感知衰退得到了充分的证据,但其发作和整个寿命的贡献因素尚不清楚.
- 了解这些因素对于听力学研究和干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与年龄相关的语音感知变化,在广泛的寿命中对噪音进行研究.
- 确定听觉敏感性和认知能力下降的开始.
- 检查听觉和认知因素在与年龄相关的语音感知下降中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 357名讲希伯来语的参与者,年龄在7至90岁之间,听力正常.
- 适应性句子在噪音中测试,以测量语音接收在噪音中的值 (SRTn).
- 听觉工作记忆和处理速度评估,多项式建模和结构方程建模 (SEM).
主要成果:
- SRTn显示了一个U形的模式,在30年代后期的峰值表现.
- 听觉敏感性在17岁左右开始恶化,而认知能力下降发生在32-38岁之间.
- 认知和听觉因素介导了SRTn.中61%的年龄相关变异.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的认知变化显著重塑语音感知策略,即使没有外周听力损失.
- 研究结果支持将易于语言理解 (ELU) 模型延伸到正常听力的人的整个寿命.
- 突出了对终身认知知情听力学方法的需求.
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