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来自英国家庭的不同加热炉和燃料的颗粒物暴露

Abidemi Kuye¹, Prashant Kumar^2,3

¹Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), School of Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.

Scientific reports

|July 2, 2025

概括

住宅木材燃烧,特别是开放式壁炉和木材板等某些燃料,显著增加了室内空气污染,包括超细颗粒 (UFP) 和PM2.5.5. 这凸显了潜在的健康风险和改善加热策略的必要性.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
公共卫生公共卫生
燃烧科学燃烧科学

背景情况:

传统的木会释放出大量的颗粒物 (PM2.5).
现代炉子可能会增加超细颗粒 (UFP) 排放,由于它们能够穿透生物屏障,这可能会给健康带来风险.

研究的目的:

评估不同类型的固体燃料和炉设计对室内空气质量 (IAQ) 的影响.
评估使用各种木材燃烧设备的家庭中UFP,PM10,PM2.5,黑碳 (BC) 和一氧化碳 (CO) 的水平.

主要方法:

在五个英国家庭使用手持显示器测量室内空气污染物 (UFP,PM10,PM2.5,BC,CO).
四种炉子类型的比较:生态设计,多燃料生态设计,清天空第五阶段和开放式壁炉.
分析影响IAQ的因素,包括燃料类型,房间体积,炉类型和通风率 (每小时的空气变化 - ACH).

主要成果:

开放式壁炉的污染物度最高,其次是多燃料生态设计炉.
与经过调味的木材相比,木材块作为燃料产生了最高的PM2.5和UFP水平.
较小的房间体积 (<40 m3) 和较长的燃烧持续时间,加上较低的ACH (<1.2 h-1),显著增加了污染物积累和暴露.

结论:

住宅木材燃烧大大增加了对关键室内空气污染物的短期暴露,包括UFP和PM2.5.5.
选择的燃料和炉子类型,以及房间通风,极大地影响室内空气质量和相关的健康风险.
在涉及柴火的家庭供暖选择中,以健康为重点的策略至关重要.

关键词:

清洁固体燃料清洁固体燃料家庭供暖,室内空气质量改进了炉子的使用.超细颗粒是一种超细颗粒.

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