印度Poonch和Rajouri地区的喘患病率和风险因素:流行病学和地理空间分析
Arshad Ahmed1, Kheraj1, Jorge Rocha2,3
1Department of Geography, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
在喜马拉雅山脉生活在高海拔地区与较低的喘率有关,但大家庭和主要工作年龄增加了部落人口的风险. 这些社区需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医学地理 医学地理
背景情况:
- 喘是一个重大的全球健康挑战,独特的环境和社会经济因素可能会增加高海拔地区的风险.
- 西喜马拉雅山脉的古贾尔和巴卡尔瓦尔部落面临着不同的条件,可能会影响喘的流行和严重程度.
研究的目的:
- 调查高海拔西部喜马拉雅山脉古贾尔和巴卡尔瓦尔部落中喘的患病率和决定因素.
- 分析高度,社会经济地位,生活方式和人口统计因素对该人口中喘风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 在Poonch和Rajouri地区50个村庄的816个家庭中,使用分层随机抽样进行了横截面调查.
- 用地理信息系统 (GIS) 工具对喘患病率进行空间分析,确定高风险区域.
- 使用二进制后勤回归模型 (BLRM) 来确定喘风险因素,评估模型适应性和预测准确性.
主要成果:
- 这项研究发现,受访人口中喘患病率为22.5%.
- 更高的高度与喘的可能性显著降低有关 (调整后的几率比率[AOR]:0.10,p=0.002).
- 扩大家庭生活安排 (AOR:8.80,p=0.008) 和处于最佳工作年份 (AOR:93.36,p=0.001) 与喘风险增加有关,而高等教育,收入和现代住房是保护性的.
结论:
- 这些喜马拉雅部落的喘患病率受到高度,社会经济地位和人口统计的复杂相互作用的影响.
- 高度似乎对喘有保护作用,而社会结构,经济活动和住房改变了风险.
- 基于GIS的空间分析对于识别高风险地区是有价值的,为地理上孤立的社区提供有针对性的公共卫生干预指导.
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