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优化森林土地覆盖面以管理伊查韦诺查韦溪流盆地的水资源
Chambers J English1, Seth E Younger2, Steven T Brantley3
1Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
森林管理可以解决水资源短缺的问题. 恢复松树林增加了水产,而将一些地区转换为草原则为流域提供了具有成本效益的流量改善.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
背景情况:
- 全球水资源面临着气候变化,人口增长和农业需求带来的越来越大的压力.
- 美国东南部正在探索替代森林管理策略,以支持水资源保护工作.
- 研究以自然为基础的解决方案,特别是低密度,火力维护的开放松树系统,以缓解水资源短缺.
研究的目的:
- 评估开放松树系统作为水资源短缺的自然解决方案的流域规模可行性.
- 优化森林转型策略,以最大限度地提高财务回报,达到生态流量值.
- 引导森林到水市场在水压水域的实施.
主要方法:
- 集成的高地植被建模与土壤和水评估工具 (SWAT) 水文模拟.
- 利用整数/二进制线性编程模型来优化子流域流量贡献和财务回报.
- 对2.6%的低流量生态门进行评估的森林转型场景.
主要成果:
- 将所有高地森林转换为长叶松树系统,可以增加水产量高达167.09 Ls-1.1.
- 通过将10%的森林面积转化为松草原,可以实现高达85Ls-1的适度低流量增加.
- 与完整的长叶松恢复相比,Loblolly松草原的改造显示出更高的成本效益 (年-1 百万美元以下).
结论:
- 森林管理,特别是通过松树草原转型,提供了一种具有成本效益的战略,以提高水产和低流量.
- 调查结果支持森林到水市场的发展,以解决与低流量相关的生态和经济问题.
- 优化森林管理可以作为一个有价值的工具,在日益增长的环境压力下管理水资源.
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