突变和低覆盖全基因组测序识别了前列腺癌血DNA中可操作的DNA修复变化
Alessandra Virga1, Milena Urbini2, Maurizio Polano3
1Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
使用ctDNA分析的液体活检是识别前列腺癌 (PCa) 患者遗传变化的可靠方法. 将浅层全基因组测序 (sWGS) 与目标分析相结合,可以完善同源重组DNA修复 (HRR) 基因状态的确定.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- PARP 抑制剂 (PARPi) 是对转移性割抵抗性前列腺癌 (mCRPC) 的新兴治疗方法.
- 对同源重组DNA修复 (HRR) 基因的分子分析对于mCRPC患者的选择至关重要.
- 液体活检为基因分析提供了瘤组织的非侵入性替代方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估结合突变面板测序与浅层全基因组测序 (sWGS) 的可行性和实用性,用于用血确定前列腺癌 (PCa) 患者的HRR状态.
- 评估液体活检和瘤组织之间的一致性,以识别单核酸变异 (SNV) 和副本数变异 (CNV).
主要方法:
- 在63名PCa患者中通过血评估了16个HRR基因的突变概况.
- 集成的sWGS数据用于识别非信息性血样本并确定突变来源 (生殖系/体质).
- 将血衍生的SNV和CNV资料与来自41名患者的匹配瘤组织进行比较.
主要成果:
- 28.6%的患者在HRR基因中存在潜在的致病变异;15.8%被定义为HRR突变.
- 基于等离子体的突变分析显示,与匹配的瘤组织的一致率为85.7%.
- sWGS确定了与已知的PCa配置文件一致的CNV配置文件.
- 协同度受到循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 水平和克隆性血液形成的影响.
结论:
- 血ctDNA分析是检测PCa患者SNV和CNV的可靠方法.
- 将sWGS与目标测序集成,可以提高PCa的综合分子分析.
- 液体活检,特别是与sWGS相结合时,为指导mCRPC治疗决策提供了有价值的工具.
相关概念视频
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In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
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Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...


