集中式和集中式-离心式阻力训练对成年足球运动员速度和力量的影响
Dominik Bokůvka1,2, Tomáš Vencúrik1, Firas Zghal3,4
1Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
集中式和集中式-离心式力量训练显著改善了足球运动员的下肢力量. 然而,这两种训练方法都没有提高速度表现,这表明教练应该使用多种方法来进行整体球员发展.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 足球表现依赖于力量和速度的结合.
- 了解不同培训模式的具体影响对于优化球员发展至关重要.
- 同心和偏心的肌肉动作在运动运动中起着不同的作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究集中式强力训练与集中式-异常式强力训练对次精英足球运动员的速度和力量的影响.
- 为了比较这两种训练方案在提高下肢力量和敏捷性的有效性.
主要方法:
- 34名次精英足球运动员被分为三个组:集中训练 (CONG),集中-偏心训练 (ECCG) 和对照组 (CG).
- 一个为期8周的训练计划包括16次腿曲和腿伸展练习.
- 强度 (1RM) 和速度 (冲刺测试) 在基线和干预后被评估.
主要成果:
- 与CG相比,CONG和ECCG两组都显示膝盖延伸和曲的一次重复最大 (1RM) 显著增加.
- 集中式-异常式训练比仅集中式训练的力量增长略大.
- 在任何一个训练组中都没有观察到速度表现 (例如,10米冲刺) 的显著改善.
结论:
- 集中式和集中式-异中心式力量训练有效地提高了足球运动员的下肢力量.
- 集中式-异常式训练可能为力量发展提供轻微的优势.
- 两种训练方案都没有显著提高速度,这表明需要补充训练策略来提高足球运动员的速度.
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