在精神分裂症患者和未受影响的兄弟姐妹中,大脑状态动态和工作记忆
Feiwen Wang1, Jie Yang2, Jun Yang1
1Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
BMC medicine
|July 2, 2025
概括
精神分裂症患者表现出改变的大脑状态动态,影响工作记忆 (WM). 没有受到影响的兄弟姐妹表现出补偿性大脑活动,这表明了弹性机制. 这项研究使用贝叶斯交换动态系统 (BSDS) 来分析大脑状态.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 精神疾病 精神疾病
背景情况:
- 工作记忆 (WM) 缺陷是精神分裂症的标志,并且也在未受影响的亲属中观察到.
- 这些缺陷可能源于认知任务期间大脑状态过渡的中断.
研究的目的:
- 用贝叶斯交换动态系统 (BSDS) 调查精神分裂症患者在工作记忆任务中隐藏的大脑状态及其过渡.
- 为了比较精神分裂症患者,未受影响的兄弟姐妹和健康对照之间的大脑状态特性.
主要方法:
- 利用BSDS来识别默认模式网络和前对对联网络中的大脑状态.
- 分析了161名精神分裂症患者,37名未受影响的兄弟姐妹和96名健康对照在N-back (0,2和静止固定) 任务中的数据.
- 采用通用线性模型来评估群体差异以及WM表现和临床因素的影响.
主要成果:
- 确定了四种不同的大脑状态:高需求,低需求,固定和非主导.
- 精神分裂症患者表现出高需求和低需求状态的改变占用率和寿命,以及在任务中增加固定状态.
- 没有受到影响的兄弟姐妹在休息期间增加了高需求状态占用率和减少了固定状态,与更好的WM表现相关.
- 异常高需求状态调解了WM表现和患者负面症状之间的联系.
结论:
- 内在的大脑连接状态,潜在的心理过程显著影响工作记忆性能.
- 改变的大脑状态动态有助于精神分裂症的负面症状表现.
- 在未受影响的兄弟姐妹中,补偿性大脑状态活动可能是认知性的基础.
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