效应蛋白的转移到植物细胞由亚麻生病原体Melampsora lini
Xiaoxiao Zhang1, Ann-Maree Catanzariti2, Gregory J Lawrence3
1Australian National University, 134 Linnaeus Way, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia, 2601; xiaoxiao.zhang1@anu.edu.au.
腐蚀真菌通过haustoria向宿主细胞输送效应蛋白. 这项研究表明,AvrM蛋白转移到亚麻细胞需要一个特定的N端片段,与分泌到外质基质的分泌物不同.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 分子植物-微生物相互作用
- 菌类遗传学 菌类遗传学
背景情况:
- 腐蚀真菌是主要的植物病原体,它们向宿主细胞分泌效应蛋白,以促进感染.
- 从haustoria产生的效应体分泌和随后输入宿主细胞质的精确机制尚未完全理解.
- 了解效应因子转移对于开发作物中抗病策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查生真菌作用因子AvrM和AvrP123.3的分泌和宿主细胞传递机制.
- 为了识别特定的蛋白质域或信号,负责效应体转移到宿主植物细胞.
- 为了比较自然感染系统中的效应器局部化与短暂表达.
主要方法:
- 使用Agrobacterium介导的转化生成稳定的转基因亚麻生菌株,表达AvrM和AvrP123,与黄色光蛋白 (YFP) 融合.
- 微观分析以追踪感染期间AvrM-YFP和AvrP123-YFP的局部化.
- 位点定向突变发生,以确定特定的AvrM域在分泌和转移中的作用.
主要成果:
- 无论是AvrM-YFP还是AvrP123-YFP都被分泌到外质矩阵 (EHMx) 中.
- 只有AvrM-YFP成功地被输入亚麻宿主细胞,引发了由R基因M介导的抵抗反应.
- 含有氨基酸34和105之间的信号的105氨基酸N端的AvrM片段是宿主细胞转位所必需的,而不仅仅是分泌到EHMx.
结论:
- 效应器分泌到EHMx和转移到宿主细胞质是亚麻菌中不同的过程.
- AvrM利用特定的N端区域进入宿主细胞,独立于其分泌信号.
- 在自然感染环境中研究效应因子对于准确的局部化和功能分析至关重要,与短暂表达研究形成鲜明对比.
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