在Podospora anserina中重建具有高内部保存的NOD类受体等位基因,使用长读测序
S Lorena Ament-Velásquez1, Brendan Furneaux2, Sonia Dheur3
1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Microbial genomics
|July 2, 2025
概括
中的NOD类受体 (NLR) 通过自我/非自我识别来防止寄生虫入侵. 这项研究揭示了这些真菌免疫蛋白中的WD40域如何演变和功能,影响识别特异性.
科学领域:
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 类似NOD的受体 (NLRs) 是重要的细胞内免疫传感器,检测病原体并启动防御反应,包括编程细胞死亡.
- 在有丝状真菌中,特定的NLRs控制着异质细胞不兼容性,这是一个重要的自我/非自我识别机制,可以防止不同个体之间的植物融合,并减轻寄生虫的风险.
研究的目的:
- 准确地重建和分析Podospora anserina het-d和 het-e NLRs的多态WD40域.
- 研究这些真菌免疫传感器领域的结构和进化动态及其在识别特异性中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用长读序列 (牛津纳米孔,PacBio) 进行精确的WD40域重建,与基于Illumina的组装限制形成鲜明对比.
- 采用AlphaFold 3来建模WD40域的三维结构.
- 进行基因分析以评估功能不相容反应.
主要成果:
- 使用长读序列获得了准确的WD40域序列,解决了之前的不一致性.
- 功能性等位基因通常包括11个保存的WD40重复,重复组合的变化导致明显的不相容表型.
- AlphaFold 3模型揭示了由这些重复形成的保存的7叶片β螺旋结构,以及神秘的分离重复.
- 鉴定了一种 het-e 基因基因,尽管其长度很长,但异常缺乏不相容反应.
- 提出了对融合进化的证据,这些证据是 het-e 和 het-d NLR 的识别特征的基础.
结论:
- 通过长读序列,可以可靠地重建 het-d 和 het-e NLR 的 WD40 域,从而实现可靠的功能和进化研究.
- 由高度保存的重复形成的保存的β-螺旋结构是NLR免疫传感的关键,但表现出进化适应的灵活性.
- 融合进化塑造了这些真菌免疫受体的识别特异性,突出了β-螺旋域的适应性.
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