了解年轻游泳者的上肢在水中的力量,使用统计参数映射分析
Catarina C Santos1, Jesús J Ruiz-Navarro2, Diogo Martinho3
1Department of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Higher Education School, Polytechnic of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Journal of biomechanics
|July 2, 2025
概括
顶级游泳者在前部爬行游泳时会产生更高的水力,而低级游泳者会产生更高的水力. 统计参数映射 (SPM) 显示了主导和非主导上肢在水下中风周期中的性能差异.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 游泳表现分析 游泳表现分析
背景情况:
- 了解水中力量对于优化游泳技巧和表现至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经探讨了游泳中的力量应用,但对性能级别和四肢的详细分析不太常见.
研究的目的:
- 为了在年轻游泳者中比较不同性能级别 (低级别与高级别) 的水中上肢力量.
- 分析同一性能级别内主导和非主导上肢之间强力应用的差异.
- 调查连续 (统计参数映射) 和离散分析用于评估水中力量的实用性.
主要方法:
- 52名年轻游泳者 (12.13 ± 0.71岁) 根据平均速度被分为1级 (低级) 和2级 (高级).
- 在水中的上肢力量在25米前爬行游泳期间使用带有手感应器的差压系统测量.
- 使用离散指标和通过统计参数映射 (SPM) 连续分析分析了力时间数据.
主要成果:
- 最顶级的游泳者产生了明显更大的平均峰值在水中的力量 (约. 61 N) 与低层游泳者相比 (约. 51 N). 这就是为什么.
- SPM分析发现,主导的上肢在中风周期的64-74%,非主导的上肢在60-90%之间存在显著的力差.
- 在性能级别内,在主导和非主导上肢之间没有发现总体水中力量的显著差异 (p > 0.05).
结论:
- 同一年龄组的年轻游泳者在前部爬行时表现出上肢在水中的力应用的变化.
- 性能水平与产生的水力大小的差异有关.
- SPM分析提供了宝贵的洞察力,可以了解整个游泳冲击周期的力应用的时间和空间特征.
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