无家可归,精神疾病,自杀和自我伤害的风险:基于人口的队列研究
Sandra F Nilsson1, Thomas M Laursen2, Annette Erlangsen3
1Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health-CORE, Copenhagen University Hospital-Mental Health Services, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Lancet. Public health
|July 2, 2025
概括
经历无家可归的人面临自杀和自我伤害的风险明显更高. 目前的无家可归和精神疾病进一步提高了这些风险,强调了针对性干预和支持的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 无家可归是与不利结果相关的重大公共卫生问题.
- 无家可归和自杀行为之间的关联需要彻底调查.
- 在这种情况下,了解精神疾病的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查与普通人群相比,无家可归的人群中自杀行为风险.
- 评估精神疾病对无家可归人口中自杀和自我伤害的贡献.
- 分析当前无家可归与以前无家可归对自杀行为率的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自丹麦 (1999-2020) 的全国性基于登记册的数据.
- 包括15-76岁的个人,分析无家可归状态 (任何,当前,以前).
- 估计的自杀和自我伤害率使用波桑回归,调整社会人口统计学因素和精神疾病.
主要成果:
- 与非无家可归的人群相比,无家可归的人群的自杀率明显增加 (男性:2.2倍,女性:3.8倍) 和自我伤害 (男性:3.5倍,女性:3.3倍).
- 目前的无家可归者比以前的无家可归者有更高的自杀风险 (男性:3.7倍,女性:8.0倍).
- 精神疾病在无家可归者中显著增加了自杀风险 (男性:19.9x). 自伤预测了自杀风险 (男性:7.4倍,女性:17.7倍).
结论:
- 经历无家可归的人有明显增加的自伤和自杀风险,特别是目前无家可归的人.
- 自伤情节和同时出现的精神疾病是该人口中自杀风险的关键指标.
- 调查结果强调需要加强对无家可归者的评估和干预策略.
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