从太空监测地中海地区的水危机
Wassim Mohamed Baba1,2, Abdelghani Chehbouni3, Youness Ouassanouan3
1Science, Applications Climate Department, European Space Agency, 00044, Frascati, Italy. Wassim.baba@um6p.ma.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
摩洛哥 摩洛哥 摩洛哥 摩洛哥 摩洛哥 摩洛哥
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 摩洛哥因气候变化和农业用水需求增加而面临严重的水资源短缺问题.
- 低效的水资源管理和水密集型作物的扩张加剧了水资源短缺.
- 农业部门是一个重要的经济支柱,是最大的水消费者.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用卫星雷达数据,从2018年到2024年评估摩洛哥水的空间范围和状态.
- 评估地表水面积的变化,并确定有助于变化的因素,重点关注Al Massira大.
- 证明卫星雷达数据对监测水资源的有用性.
主要方法:
- 利用基于卫星的雷达数据在2018年至2024年间监测摩洛哥水.
- 专注于重要的水库,包括乌姆埃尔-拉比亚盆地的阿尔马西拉大.
- 分析了空间范围和地表水面积的变化,与气候和政策因素相关联.
主要成果:
- 从2021年到2023年,摩洛哥水库的地表水面积显著减少.
- 自2023年以来,Al Massira大的储水量下降到3%以下,原因是持续的干旱和提取水.
- 报告指出,区域差异很大,南方的水库出现大幅减少,而北方的水库保持更稳定.
结论:
- 卫星雷达数据有效监测水位,弥补局部测量的局限性.
- 摩洛哥迫切需要改进水资源管理战略,特别是在中部和南部地区.
- 调查结果强调了气候变化和农业政策对水资源可用性的影响.
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