在浅层煤层的高强度开采下,超负荷破裂和表面损伤的演变:来自沈东矿区的证据
Huan Zhang1,2,3, Jie Zhang2, Zhuhe Xu1,3
1State Key Laboratory of Water Resource Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining, Beijing, 102209, China.
Scientific reports
|July 2, 2025
概括
高强度的煤炭开采导致严重的地面运动和沉降. 关键层控制岩石破裂和表面沉降,对于生态恢复至关重要.
科学领域:
- 地质技术工程 地质技术工程
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 浅层煤层的高强度采矿带来了地质危险的风险,包括地面裂和表面沉降.
- 了解超负荷运动及其影响对于安全的采矿操作和环境保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查东矿区高强度采矿期间的超负荷运动,断裂演变和表面沉降.
- 开发一种理论模型,用于超负荷破裂和表面沉降.
- 为沉降控制和生态恢复提供科学和技术支持.
主要方法:
- 使用数值模拟来分析过载位移,应力分布和断裂传播.
- 开发了一个理论模型来阐明超负荷破裂和表面沉降的机制.
- 现场数据被用来验证模拟结果和理论模型.
主要成果:
- 超负荷破裂和崩发生在不同的阶段,受采矿前进距离的影响.
- 关键层在稳定岩层和控制表面沉降方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 最初的屋顶断裂在80米前进时被观察到,周期间隔为4060米.压力分布通过三个不同的阶段演变.
- 追踪了断裂的传播,从而形成了一个"voussoir arch"结构,限制了关键层破裂的进一步扩张.
结论:
- 该研究提供了对高强度煤矿开采期间的超负荷行为和表面沉降机制的全面了解.
- 开发的理论模型和模拟结果与现场数据密切匹配,提供可靠的见解.
- 这些发现支持实施有效的沉降控制策略和表面生态恢复工作.
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