社区主导的管理保持了更高的捕食者生物量,支持低加州的海藻森林的持续存在
Jeremie Bauer1, Rodrigo Beas-Luna2, Luis Malpica-Cruz3,4
1Departamento de Biotecnología Marina, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Fraccionamiento Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
Scientific reports
|July 3, 2025
概括
社区主导的海洋保护区 (MRs) 有效地保护海藻森林和捕食者种群,优于巴哈加利福尼亚州的联邦海洋保护区 (MPAs). 这些地方管理策略增强了生态系统的弹性和生物多样性.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态与保护科学 海洋生态与保护科学
- 基于社区的自然资源管理
- 渔业科学与管理 渔业科学与管理
背景情况:
- 小规模渔业经常通过社区主导的管理寻求可持续的替代方案.
- 通过将社区主导的海洋保护区 (MRs) 与联邦管理的海洋保护区 (MPAs) 进行比较,可以加强海洋生态系统的保护.
- 了解社会生态条件是评估不同地区保护有效性的关键.
研究的目的:
- 评估社区主导的海洋保护区 (MRs) 在保护海藻森林生态系统方面的有效性.
- 为了比较社区主导的MR和联邦管理的MPA之间的树林树冠覆盖面和捕食者种群.
- 评估社会生态条件对墨西哥巴哈加利福尼亚州保护结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了从2004年到2023年的树林覆盖率数据,包括海洋热浪之前,期间和之后的时期.
- 在社区主导的MR和联邦MPA之间比较了关键捕食物种 (刺龙,加利福尼亚羊头,角) 的密度,大小和生物量.
- 根据不同的社会生态条件,研究了林恢复和捕食者种群的区域差异.
主要成果:
- 热浪后观察到海藻森林恢复的区域差异很大;南部地区保持了覆盖范围,而北部地区下降了95%.
- 社区主导的MR显示掠食物种的密度和生物量明显高于联邦MPA.
- 像刺和角这样的关键捕食者在北方联邦MPA中不存在,而加利福尼亚州的羊头在社区主导的MR中更大.
结论:
- 社区主导的海洋保护区有效地维持了捕食者种群和树林的健康,这对生态系统稳定至关重要.
- 纳入地方治理和以社区为基础的方法,特别是在有强大的渔业合作社的地区,可以改善海洋保护成果.
- 来自全球南方的参与式管理模式为全球平衡资源使用和生态系统保护提供了宝贵的见解.
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