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中国老年人使用医疗服务的情况和相关因素:最近的一项基于人口的全国调查
Lei Xu1,2, Jia Wang1,2, Caixiu Xue1,2
1Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
BMC geriatrics
|July 3, 2025
概括
在中国的老年人中,医疗服务的使用率很低,为33.34%. 倾向性,支持性和基于需求的因素显著影响老年人获得医疗保健和健康检查的机会.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 中国人口老龄化和老年疾病的增加给老年人带来了健康服务的挑战.
- 老年人在获得医疗保健和健康检查方面面临着脆弱性.
- 这项研究调查了中国老年人群的医疗服务利用模式和决定因素.
研究的目的:
- 检查中国老年人对医疗服务的使用情况.
- 确定影响医疗服务使用的倾向性,支持性和基于需求的因素.
- 为改善老年人获得医疗保健的有针对性的干预措施提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自2020年中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的60岁以上9401名受访者的数据.
- 应用了健康服务使用框架的行为模型.
- 采用多重物流回归来分析影响医疗保健服务利用的因素.
主要成果:
- 整体卫生服务利用率为33.34%,门诊访问率为21.5%,住院率为23.2%,健康检查率为55.30%.
- 基于需求的因素 (慢性疾病,自我感知健康) 对于医疗保健的使用至关重要.
- 倾向性 (年龄,收入),支持性 (保险) 和需求性 (慢性疾病,ADL) 因素显著影响了整体利用率.
结论:
- 在中国的老年人中,医疗服务的使用率特别低.
- 政策制定应侧重于针对不同类型服务的有针对性的措施,以提高老年人获得医疗保健的机会.
- 需要采取干预措施,以促进弱势老年人群的健康公平.
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