新生儿性脑膜炎中病原体分布和耐药性机制的动态分析:一项回顾性研究
Lu He1, Muchun Yu1, Zhihong Sun1
1Department of Neonatology, Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450000, China.
Italian journal of pediatrics
|July 3, 2025
概括
新生儿脑膜炎病例在2020年后下降,病原体分布和耐药性模式不断变化. 持续监测对于有效的抗微生物药物管理和治疗策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 新生儿传染病 新生儿传染病
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 新生儿性脑膜炎具有显著的发病率和死亡率.
- 抗生素耐药性增加需要更新治疗策略.
- 病原体的分布和耐药性机制不断演变,需要持续监测.
研究的目的:
- 分析新生儿性脑膜炎病原体分布和耐药性的动态变化.
- 为了比较早产和满期新生儿之间的趋势.
- 为了告知抗菌药物管理和优化抗生素治疗.
主要方法:
- 对新生儿支性脑膜炎病例 (2017-2022) 的回顾性分析.
- 纳入标准:正确的脑脊液培养物.
- 随着时间的推移和新生儿群体对病原体分布和耐药性机制的分析.
主要成果:
- 显著的细菌病原体包括斯塔菲洛科克斯表皮球菌,克莱布西拉肺炎菌,大肠杆菌和菌菌.
- 克莱布西拉肺炎的比例在不同年份有显著的变化 (P=0.025).
- 耐卡巴胺 Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) 和耐甲素凝聚酶负型葡萄球菌 (MRCNS) 呈现出显著的年差异 (P=0.016和P=0.031). 最常见的耐药细菌是MRCNS (22.8%) 和CRE (16.5%).
结论:
- 新生儿性脑膜炎的发病率从2020年至2022年,COVID-19流行后每年都在下降.
- 肠球菌的发病率在流行前较高;MRCNS在流行后增加.
- 疫情影响了病原体和耐药细菌的分布,凸显了持续监测的必要性.
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