便利移民可以促进移民通过人为改变的生态系统
Benjamin P Burford1,2, Jeremy J Notch1,2, William R Poytress3
1Institute of Marine Sciences' Fisheries Collaborative Program, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA.
概括
促进迁移使自然现象与适当的条件同步,使青少年鱼 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 向海洋迁移的成功率高达479%. 这种适应性管理策略有助于物种在不断变化的生态系统中持续存在.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 生态系统管理 生态系统管理
- 渔业 科学 渔业 科学
背景情况:
- 迁徙物种面临着灭绝和灭绝的风险,因为人为的息地变化破坏了自然迁徙时间 (表现学).
- 动态的保护策略至关重要,但需要灵活的管理行动,特别是在受监管的生态系统.
- 萨克拉门托河是加利福尼亚州青少年鱼 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 恢复的关键瓶.
研究的目的:
- 为促进迁移提供一个新的框架,积极将自然迁移现象学与成功穿越的适当条件相匹配.
- 评估从储存水库中调节水释放的有效性,以有利于萨克拉门托河中青少年奇努克鱼迁徙.
- 确定改善危鱼种群生存率的关键管理行动.
主要方法:
- 制定了一个促进迁移的框架,以同步环境条件与迁移需求.
- 利用一个以青少年鱼 (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) 在萨克拉门托河向海洋迁移为重点的案例研究.
- 模拟管理行动包括热转移准备,流动脉冲介导启动和通过增加流量控制的通道保护,由储释放控制.
主要成果:
- 与现状相比,受监管的释放水可能会使奇努克鱼自然起源种群的成功迁移增加43%-479%.
- 关键干预措施包括热转换用于准备,流动脉冲用于启动,并增加流量通过.
- 建议扩展声学遥测研究和增加流量变化,以更好地预测结果.
结论:
- 便利迁徙提供了一种可行的策略,以加强迁徙物种在人类改变的环境中持久的生存.
- 在便利迁移中,优先考虑事件质量而不是数量是一个谨慎的实施方法.
- 该框架鼓励对如何支持和操纵迁移以获得保护成功进行批判性评估.
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