连接对于食肉动物的丰富性和占用在分散的生物多样性热点中的重要性
Cindy M Hurtado1, Gonçalo Curveira-Santos1,2,3, Alvaro Garcia-Olaechea4
1Department of Forest Resources Management, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
概括
结构连接和息地数量是肉食动物在碎片化景观中的持续存在的关键. 增加连通性有利于脆弱物种,并支持多样化的社区,即使有不同的保护区覆盖面 (PAC).
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 结构连接性影响野生动物的移动和人口的持续性,特别是在面临人类和环境压力的分散息地.
- 考虑到保护区覆盖面 (PAC),连接在分散的景观中野生动物持续存在的作用仍然不确定.
- 单个物种连接方法可能无法充分保护多样化的野生动物群落.
研究的目的:
- 评估结构连接对碎片化热带森林肉食动物持续存在的相对影响.
- 评估单个物种连接战略对保护多个物种的有效性.
- 了解息地数量,连接性,人类密度和PAC如何影响食肉动物社区.
主要方法:
- 利用一个多尺度贝叶斯模型框架,用来自厄瓜多尔和秘鲁23个景观的567台摄像机的摄像机陷数据.
- 分析了景观尺度因素 (息地数量,连接性,人类密度,PAC) 和细度因素 (森林覆盖面,道路距离,狩猎).
- 对食肉动物丰富度和平均占用率的评估影响,对12种食肉动物物种检测了5267例.
主要成果:
- 肉食动物的丰富性受到连接性,息地数量和PAC的积极影响,这表明更大,更连接的息地具有更大的PAC支持更多物种.
- 肉食动物的平均占地面积与微型森林覆盖面和景观规模连接性有积极的关联.
- 连接性与依赖森林的中食动物占用率有较强的积极关联.
结论:
- 加强景观连接对于脆弱的食肉动物种群的持续存在至关重要,即使在PAC有限的地区.
- 多物种连接规划至关重要,因为单一物种的方法不足以保护多样化的食肉动物群落.
- 保护战略必须整合连接和息地保护,以确保在分散的生态系统中野生动物种群的弹性.
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