情绪调节和执行功能在晚年生活
David B Rompilla1, Erik C Nook2, Jacquelyn E Stephens3
1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA.
Affective science
|July 3, 2025
概括
指示老年人使用情绪调节策略,如脱离或重新评估,改善了他们随后的口语流性. 这表明,情绪调节可以在衰老中增强认知功能.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 老龄化心理学的心理学
- 情绪调节 情绪调节
背景情况:
- 理论上,情绪调节可以增强执行功能,但实验证据有限,特别是在老年人中.
- 执行功能,包括口语流,抑制和工作记忆,通常随着年龄的增长而下降,这使得它成为一个紧迫的问题.
- 了解情绪-认知相互作用对于开发干预措施以支持晚年认知健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 实验性地调查老年人对情绪调节策略的指导是否可以改善后续的执行功能.
- 检查特定情绪调节技术 (脱离,正面重新评估,情绪接受) 对认知表现的影响.
- 探索情绪调节对健康老年人的口语流,抑制和工作记忆的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项基于实验室的研究,涉及129名健康的老年人 (年龄在64-83岁).
- 参与者在不同的指令下观看损失主题电影片段:"只看"或使用情绪调节 (脱离,积极的重新评估,接受).
- 在剪辑后,通过测量口语流,抑制和工作记忆的任务来评估执行功能.
主要成果:
- 情绪调节选择性地提高了随后的语言流性表现,而不是"只是看"的条件.
- 没有观察到情绪调节对抑制或工作记忆的显著影响.
- 对口头流利的好处在不同的情绪调节策略中是一致的,在控制共变量后仍然显著.
结论:
- 情绪调节是提高老年人语言流性的可行策略.
- 这项研究促进了对情绪-认知相互作用的理解,以及它在衰老中支持认知功能的潜力.
- 需要进一步的研究,以探索情绪调节对晚年其他执行功能的更广泛影响.
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