利用大自然的武器库:可持续的植物性策略来控制植物病原体
Gabriel G Calefi1, Nagela B S Silva1, Bader Y Alhatlani2
1Laboratory of Antimicrobial Testing, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
Frontiers in microbiology
|July 3, 2025
概括
来自植物和微生物的天然产品为控制植物疾病提供了对合成农药的环保替代品. 本次审查为它们的有效性制定了基准,促进可持续农业和"一个健康"原则.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 植物化学 植物化学
背景情况:
- 植物病原体威胁全球粮食安全,导致大量的产量损失.
- 合成农业化学品带来经济,环境和健康风险,包括抗菌素耐药性.
- 在植物疾病管理中,迫切需要可持续和生态兼容的替代品.
研究的目的:
- 审查使用植物和微生物衍生的天然产品作为抗菌剂对抗植物病原体的进展.
- 提出一个框架,以优先考虑天然产品的抗微生物发现.
- 建立定量基准来评估基于天然产品的抗微生物药物的疗效.
主要方法:
- 对针对植物病原菌细菌和真菌的天然产品发表的研究进行元分析.
- 植物化学品的生物活性引导分成和净化.
- 建立最低抑制度 (MIC) 和生长抑制值以评估疗效.
主要成果:
- 虫 (Fusarium spp.) 是一种植物. 是研究的主要模型植物病原体,作为常见的测定方法是汁稀释和 agar扩散.
- 定义了定量基准:MICs ≤2.5 mg/mL (原始提取物), ≤0.6 mg/mL (分量), ≤64 μg/mL (纯化化合物),以及真菌抑制<52%.
- 化合物净化显著提高了抗微生物的功效.
结论:
- 来自植物和微生物的天然产品显示出作为农业可持续抗菌剂的巨大潜力.
- 拟议的框架有助于标准化优先级和发现有效的基于天然产品的抗菌药物.
- 利用植物化学物质支持可持续的疾病管理,减少对农业化学品的依赖,并推进"一个健康"原则.
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